Category:Virtual biology ontologies
Ontologies are hierarchically structured vocabularies of terms and relationships that are clearly defined and designed to represent and communicate information about a particular scientific domain.
Virtual biology uses several biomedical ontologies for unambiguous, systematic descriptions of physiological, biological, chemical and physics-based entities and processes as well as their interrelations [1].
Key elements in annotating models with ontology terms include [1, 2]:
- associating codewords in the model with appropriate unambiguous ontology identifiers;
- specifying components and subcomponents in the model utilizing the hierarchical structure within an ontology;
- linking the model and its components and subcomponents to supporting measured experimental data.
The use of multiple ontologies for defining components and subcomponents of models could allow them to be compared and integrated to form composite models in an automated manner [2].
Standardizing biological information with organized vocabularies and ontologies already has proven to be valuable in formally defining components of models and representations of complex systems[1, 2]. For example, describing multiscale processes in mouse development mathematical models using a combination of GO and Cell Type Ontology terms has been shown to be effective to provide clear definitions of function and to allow comparison of function under different conditions [3].
The table below contains brief description of these ontologies.
| Ontology, references | Brief description, URL | Used in projects |
|---|---|---|
| GO - Gene Ontology[4] | Describes gene function through properties of proteins and includes hierarchical information in the three
domains of cellular location, molecular functions, and biological processes. http://www. geneontology.org |
virtual rat[2] |
| FMA - Foundational Model of Anatomy [5] | Provides a hierarchical, structured knowledge base of human anatomy. | virtual rat[2] |
| OPB - Ontology of Physics for Biology [6] | Designed for annotating physical properties encoded in biomedical datasets and computational models.
http://sbp.bhi.washington.edu/projects/the-ontology-of-physics-for-biology-opb |
virtual rat[2] |
| SBO - Systems Biology Ontology[1] | Is a consensus ontological framework that has been developed to identify and annotate model components including component types, component roles, physical entities and their associated mathematical expressions. Main focus of the SBO is on chemical reaction systems. | BioModels |
| KiSAO - Kinetic Simulation Algorithm Ontology [1] | Supplies information about existing algorithms available for the simulation of systems biology models, their characterization and interrelationships. | BioModels |
| TEDDY - Terminology for the Description of Dynamics [1] | Describe the form of the simulation results, which then can be used to identify experimental results in the validation step of the model. | |
The Kinetic Simulation Algorithm Ontology (KiSAO) supplies information about existing algorithms available for the simulation of systems biology models, their characterization and interrelationships.
References
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